Promoting compliance, recovery and desistance : comparative case studies of pre-sentence diversion schemes for drug misusing arrestees in Australia and England
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Medientyp:
E-Book
Titel:
Promoting compliance, recovery and desistance : comparative case studies of pre-sentence diversion schemes for drug misusing arrestees in Australia and England
Erschienen:
[Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar]: University of New South Wales. National Drug & Alcohol Research Centre, 2014
Sprache:
Englisch
Entstehung:
Hochschulschrift:
Dissertation, University of New South Wales. National Drug & Alcohol Research Centre, 2014
Anmerkungen:
Beschreibung:
Legislation and policy exists in different jurisdictions which enables the diversion of drug-using detainees, defendants and convicted offenders, at various stages of the criminal justice process, to various forms of education and/or treatment. Despite the expansion and investment in these options, the research evidence, where this exists, tends to be methodologically weak and largely atheoretical, in that the theory of change underpinning diversion is seldom articulated and rarely tested. This thesis provided a conceptual and empirical analysis of two forms of pre-sentence drug diversion, operating in England and Australia: the former a compulsory approach, the latter a voluntary 'opt-in' model. The goals of the thesis were two-fold. Firstly, to examine the extent to which each program was effective in promoting compliance, recovery and desistance from crime. Secondly, to better understand how and why aspects of program theory, implementation and delivery aided or impeded the achievement of each objective. Secondary analysis of eight linked administrative datasets and primary data from 65 semi-structured interviews with respondents in England (N=29) and Australia (N=36) were subject to theoretically driven analysis in order to test the relevance and application of three existing typologies of compliance, recovery and desistance processes to a diversionary context.Rates of formal compliance across the two approaches were moderate (51%-69%), and not in the direction anticipated. While there were reductions in illicit drug use and related problems, there were equivocal findings on the ability of these approaches to tackle drug dependency, or facilitate behavioural change via engagement with treatment. Most importantly, while there were significant reductions in the prevalence, frequency and seriousness of re-offending among those exposed to both programs, equivalent reductions were observed for matched drug misusers not engaging with these interventions. The two approaches encountered challenges in applying concepts of compliance, recovery and desistance into practice, due to factors linked to policy, implementation and delivery. Key implications for 'drug-related' diversion include the need for theoretically and empirically informed adaptations to the type of offenders targeted by these programs, and a sharper focus on addressing structural and environmental factors which may inhibit behaviour change.