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Friedman-Klabanoff, DeAnna J; Fitzpatrick, Meagan C; Deming, Meagan E; Agrawal, Vaidehi; Sitar, Sandra; Schaafsma, Torin; Brown, Elizabeth; Neuzil, Kathleen M; Barnabas, Ruanne V; Laufer, Miriam K; Dull, Peter; Miller, Scott; Pham, Thy; Arroyave, Luisa; Berz, Jonathan; Buitron, Pablo; Camuso, Michael; Cardoso, Leticia; Cruz, Ricardo; Dedier, Julien; Dennaoui, Husam; Goldman, Anna; Greenstein, Cheryl; Henault, Lori; [...]

Risk of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Acquisition Is Associated With Individual Exposure but Not Community-Level Transmission

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  • Medientyp: E-Artikel
  • Titel: Risk of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Acquisition Is Associated With Individual Exposure but Not Community-Level Transmission
  • Beteiligte: Friedman-Klabanoff, DeAnna J; Fitzpatrick, Meagan C; Deming, Meagan E; Agrawal, Vaidehi; Sitar, Sandra; Schaafsma, Torin; Brown, Elizabeth; Neuzil, Kathleen M; Barnabas, Ruanne V; Laufer, Miriam K; Dull, Peter; Miller, Scott; Pham, Thy; Arroyave, Luisa; Berz, Jonathan; Buitron, Pablo; Camuso, Michael; Cardoso, Leticia; Cruz, Ricardo; Dedier, Julien; Dennaoui, Husam; Goldman, Anna; Greenstein, Cheryl; Henault, Lori; [...]
  • Erschienen: Oxford University Press (OUP), 2022
  • Erschienen in: The Journal of Infectious Diseases
  • Sprache: Englisch
  • DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac029
  • ISSN: 1537-6613; 0022-1899
  • Schlagwörter: Infectious Diseases ; Immunology and Allergy
  • Entstehung:
  • Anmerkungen:
  • Beschreibung: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Transmission rates after exposure to a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–positive individual within households and healthcare settings varies significantly between studies. Variability in the extent of exposure and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence may contribute to differences in observed rates.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>We examined risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in a randomized controlled trial of hydroxychloroquine as postexposure prophylaxis. Study procedures included standardized questionnaires at enrollment and daily self-collection of midturbinate swabs for SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction testing. County-level incidence was modeled using federally sourced data. Relative risks and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using modified Poisson regression.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Eighty-six of 567 (15.2%) household/social contacts and 12 of 122 (9.8%) healthcare worker contacts acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection. Exposure to 2 suspected index cases (vs 1) significantly increased risk for both household/social contacts (relative risk [RR], 1.86) and healthcare workers (RR, 8.18). Increased contact time also increased risk for healthcare workers (3–12 hours: RR, 7.82, &amp;gt;12 hours: RR, 11.81, vs ≤2 hours), but not for household/social contacts. County incidence did not impact risk.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>In our study, increased exposure to SARS-CoV-2 within household or healthcare settings led to higher risk of infection, but elevated community incidence did not. This reinforces the importance of interventions to decrease transmission in close contact settings.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
  • Zugangsstatus: Freier Zugang