Judd, Gary J.R.;
Gardiner, Mark G.T.;
DeLury, Naomi C.;
Karg, Gerhard
Reduced antennal sensitivity, behavioural response, and attraction of male codling moths, Cydia pomonella, to their pheromone (E,E)‐8,10‐dodecadien‐1‐ol following various pre‐exposure regimes
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Medientyp:
E-Artikel
Titel:
Reduced antennal sensitivity, behavioural response, and attraction of male codling moths, Cydia pomonella, to their pheromone (E,E)‐8,10‐dodecadien‐1‐ol following various pre‐exposure regimes
Beteiligte:
Judd, Gary J.R.;
Gardiner, Mark G.T.;
DeLury, Naomi C.;
Karg, Gerhard
Erschienen:
Wiley, 2005
Erschienen in:Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata
Beschreibung:
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The effects of pre‐exposing male codling moths, <jats:italic>Cydia pomonella</jats:italic> (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), to their pheromone (<jats:italic>E</jats:italic>,<jats:italic>E</jats:italic>)‐8,10‐dodecadien‐1‐ol (codlemone), in static and moving air, under laboratory and field conditions, on subsequent antennal sensitivity, behavioural responsiveness, and attraction to codlemone were investigated. In flight tunnel experiments, the percentage of moths wing fanning and taking flight were mostly unaffected, but upwind flight to, and contact with, pheromone sources known to elicit responses of both were shown to depend on the intensity and duration of previous exposure to codlemone and recovery time between exposure and assessment. Ten to 30‐min pre‐exposures to codlemone in static air (≈ 35 µg l<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) not only caused a 99% reduction in attraction, but also significantly reduced electroantennogram response to codlemone. Recovery of full antennal sensitivity to codlemone took more than 1 h, but recovery of attraction took over 4 h, suggesting that habituation is also partially involved in reduced behavioural responsiveness following pre‐exposure. Seventy‐five min exposures to codlemone in moving air (5–10 cm s<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) at rates of 0.9, 4.5, and 18 µg h<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> from Celcon fibres caused 75, 86, and 99% disruption, respectively. However, 30–34‐h exposure of caged moths to air moving through an orchard treated with 1000 Isomate‐C® dispensers ha<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> releasing approximately 20 µg h<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> per dispenser during tests, had no impact on moth response in flight‐tunnel assays 30 min after removal from the orchard. In this treated orchard, catches of free‐flying moths in pheromone‐baited traps were completely inhibited. If observed mechanisms such as long‐lasting antennal adaptation or habituation of the central nervous system contribute to the disruption of pheromone communication among codling moths under field conditions, it seems unlikely that they occur following exposure to the average atmospheric concentrations of codlemone. For these effects to be important, codling moths may require close contact with pheromone sources for extended periods, or repeated close encounters.</jats:p>