• Medientyp: E-Artikel
  • Titel: Intermediate Force Capabilities: Countering Adversaries across the Competition Continuum
  • Beteiligte: Dobias, Peter; Christensen, Kyle
  • Erschienen: Marine Corps University Press, 2023
  • Erschienen in: Journal of Advanced Military Studies
  • Sprache: Nicht zu entscheiden
  • DOI: 10.21140/mcuj.20231401010
  • ISSN: 2770-2596; 2770-260X
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  • Beschreibung: <jats:p>This article outlines the relevance of intermediate force capabilities as a key enabler for North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) operations in the gray zone.1 NATO adversaries, well aware of the NATO thresholds for employment of lethal force, intentionally operate in a way that limits the alliance’s options in crisis and conflict situations. At present, these options are often restricted to two extremes of mere presence or the use of lethal force. Summarizing almost two decades of NATO research into nonlethal/intermediate force capabilities, the article examines the applicability of these capabilities across the competition continuum. Finally, the article makes two key observations. First, it identifies future modeling and simulation requirements to represent employment of intermediate force capabilities, and second, it identifies possible promising research and development of subdomains in directed energy nonlethal weapons.</jats:p>