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van Wijhe, Maarten; Fogh, Kamille; Ethelberg, Steen; Karmark Iversen, Kasper; Nielsen, Henrik; Østergaard, Lars; Andersen, Berit; Bundgaard, Henning; Jørgensen, Charlotte S; Scharff, Bibi F SS; Ellermann-Eriksen, Svend; Johansen, Isik S; Fomsgaard, Anders; Grove Krause, Tyra; Wiese, Lothar; Fischer, Thea K; Mølbak, Kåre; Benfield, Thomas; Folke, Fredrik; Lippert, Freddy; Ostrowski, Sisse R; Koch, Anders; Erikstrup, Christian; Vangsted, Anne-Marie; [...]

Persistent Symptoms and Sequelae After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Not Requiring Hospitalization: Results From Testing Denmark, a Danish Cross-sectional Survey

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  • Media type: E-Article
  • Title: Persistent Symptoms and Sequelae After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Not Requiring Hospitalization: Results From Testing Denmark, a Danish Cross-sectional Survey
  • Contributor: van Wijhe, Maarten; Fogh, Kamille; Ethelberg, Steen; Karmark Iversen, Kasper; Nielsen, Henrik; Østergaard, Lars; Andersen, Berit; Bundgaard, Henning; Jørgensen, Charlotte S; Scharff, Bibi F SS; Ellermann-Eriksen, Svend; Johansen, Isik S; Fomsgaard, Anders; Grove Krause, Tyra; Wiese, Lothar; Fischer, Thea K; Mølbak, Kåre; Benfield, Thomas; Folke, Fredrik; Lippert, Freddy; Ostrowski, Sisse R; Koch, Anders; Erikstrup, Christian; Vangsted, Anne-Marie; [...]
  • imprint: Oxford University Press (OUP), 2023
  • Published in: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
  • Language: English
  • DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac679
  • ISSN: 2328-8957
  • Keywords: Infectious Diseases ; Oncology
  • Origination:
  • Footnote:
  • Description: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with persistent symptoms (“long COVID”). We assessed the burden of long COVID among nonhospitalized adults with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>In the fall of 2020, a cross-sectional survey was performed in the adult Danish general population. This included a self-administered point-of-care test for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–associated symptom questions. Nonhospitalized respondents with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test ≥12 weeks before the survey (cases) were matched (1:10) to seronegative controls on age, sex, and body mass index. Propensity score–weighted odds ratios (ORs) and ORs for risk factors were estimated for each health outcome.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>In total, 742 cases and 7420 controls were included. The attributable risk of at least 1 long-COVID symptom was 25.0 per 100 cases (95% confidence interval [CI], 22.2–27.4). Compared to controls, cases reported worse general health (OR, 5.9 [95% CI, 5.0–7.0]) and had higher odds for a broad range of symptoms, particularly loss of taste (OR, 11.8 [95% CI, 9.5–14.6]) and smell (OR, 11.2 [95% CI, 9.1–13.9]). Physical and Mental Component Summary scores were also significantly reduced with differences of −2.5 (95% CI, −3.1 to −1.8) and −2.0 (95% CI, −2.7 to −1.2), respectively. Female sex and severity of initial infection were major risk factors for long COVID.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>Nonhospitalized SARS-CoV-2 PCR–positive individuals had significantly reduced physical and mental health, and 1 in 4 reported persistence of at least 1 long-COVID symptom.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
  • Access State: Open Access