• Media type: E-Article
  • Title: Determinan Risiko Likuiditas Bank Syariah dan Konvensional Sebelum dan Selama Pandemi Covid-19
  • Contributor: Hamdi, Baitul; Herianingrum, Sri
  • imprint: Universitas Airlangga, 2022
  • Published in: Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan
  • Language: Not determined
  • DOI: 10.20473/vol9iss20224pp573-585
  • ISSN: 2502-1508; 2407-1935
  • Keywords: General Engineering
  • Origination:
  • Footnote:
  • Description: <jats:p> ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis determinan risiko likuiditas pada bank syariah dan konvensional yang beroperasi di Indonesia sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data panel untuk mengkaji hubungan antara risiko likuiditas dengan faktor spesifik bank dan faktor makroekonomi sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19 (2018-2021). Dengan mengambil sampel dari 10 bank syariah dan 20 bank konvensional yang ada di Indonesia, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa faktor spesifik bank yaitu Capital Adequacy ratio (CAR), Return on Equity (ROE), dan Non Performing Loan (NPL) atau risiko kredit  memiliki pengaruh pada likuiditas bank syariah. Sementara CAR dan NPL tidak memberikan pengaruh pada likuiditas bank konvensional hanya ROE yang memiliki pengaruh pada risiko likuiditas bank konvensional. Adapun faktor makro ekonomi (pertumbuhan GDP dan inflasi) tidak mempengaruhi risiko likuiditas kedua bank. Kemudian variabel pandemic  tidak memberikan pengaruh pada risiko likuiditas kedua jenis bank. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mempermudah para bankir dalam mengambil keputusan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pengelolaan likuiditas pada kedua sistem perbankan tersebut, terutama dimasa pandemi covid-19, agar tidak terjadi kebangkrutan. Kata Kunci: Risiko Likuiditas, Bank Syariah, Bank Konvensional, Covid-19.   ABSTRACT This study aims to identify and analyze the determinants of liquidity risk in Islamic and conventional banking in Indonesia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses a panel data approach to examine the relationship between liquidity risk with bank-specific and macroeconomic factors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2018-2021). By taking samples from 10 Islamic banks and 20 conventional banks operating in Indonesia, this study found that bank-specific factors consist of Capital Adequacy ratio (CAR), Return on Equity (ROE), and Non-Performing loans (NPL) or credit risk affect the liquidity of Syariah banking. While CAR and NPL have no significant effect on conventional bank liquidity, other bank-specific factors, namely ROE, have a considerable effect on the liquidity risk of conventional banking. Meanwhile, macroeconomic factors (GDP growth and inflation) did not affect the liquidity risk of the two banks. Meanwhile, the dummy variable shows no significant effect on liquidity risk in Islamic and conventional banks related to pandemic conditions. Thus, this research is expected to facilitate bankers in making decisions to improve the quality of liquidity management in the two banking systems. Keywords: Liquidity Risk, Islamic Banks, Conventional Banks, Covid-19.   DAFTAR PUSTAKA Abdel Megeid, N. S. (2017). Liquidity risk management: conventional versus Islamic banking system in Egypt. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 8(1), 100–128. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-05-2014-0018 Abdul-Rahman, A., Sulaiman, A. A., &amp; Said, N. L. H. M. (2018). Does financing structure affects bank liquidity risk? Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 52(9), 26-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2017.04.004 Adawiyah, N. N., &amp; Azifah, N. (2020). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi likuiditas pada bank umum syariah di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Bisnis, 25(3), 238–248. https://doi.org/10.35760/eb.2020.v25i3.2663 Almira, N. P. A. K., &amp; Wiagustini, N. L. P. (2020). Return on asset, return on equity, dan earning per share berpengaruh terhadap return saham. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 9(3), 1069. https://doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2020.v09.i03.p13 Arif, A., &amp; Nauman Anees, A. (2012). Liquidity risk and performance of banking system. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 20(2), 182–195. https://doi.org/10.1108/13581981211218342 Berger, A.N. and Bouwman, C. H. (2009). Bank liquidity creation. Review of Financial Studies, 22(9), 3779–3837. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhn104 BPS. (n.d.). Pengertian pendapatan nasional. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/subject/11/produk-domestik-bruto--lapangan-usaha-.html Cahyono, E. F., Rani, L. N., &amp; Mardianto, M. F. F. (2021). Determinants of Indonesian conventional and Islamic bank depositor trust during the covid-19 pandemic. Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, 7(1), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v7i1.1352 CNBC Indonesia. (2020). LPS: Perbankan hadapi risiko likuiditas ketat &amp; NPL meningkat. Retrieved from https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20200623142740-4-167394/lps-perbankan-hadapi-risiko-likuiditas-ketat-npl-meningkat Dendawijaya, L. (2003). Manajemen perbankan. Bogor: Ghalia Indah. Dinger, V. (2009). Do foreign-owned banks affect banking system liquidity risk? Journal of Comparative Economics, 37(4), 647-657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2009.04.003 Fauziana, L., Mulyaningsih, A., Anggraeni, E., M, S. C. Y., &amp; Rofida, U. (2014). Keterkaitan investasi modal terhadap GDP Indonesia. Economics Development Analysis Journal, 3(2), 372–380. https://doi.org/10.15294/edaj.v3i2.3845 Gautam, R. (2016). The Determinants of banks liquidity: Empirical evidence on Nepalese commercial banks. Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 2(2), 69–78. Ghenimi, A., Chaibi, H., &amp; Omri, M. A. B. (2021a). Liquidity risk determinants: Islamic vs conventional banks. International Journal of Law and Management, 63(1), 65–95. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-03-2018-0060 Hanifah, R. U., Ariefiantoro, T., &amp; Suryawardana, E. (2021). Analisis pengaruh non-performing loan (npl), return on asset (roa), return on equity (roe) terhadap risiko likuiditas perbankan. Solusi: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Ilmu Ekonomi 19 (3), 234–244. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/slsi.v19i3.4112 Hidayat, S. E., Farooq, M. O., Nasution, A., &amp; Sari, C. A. (2020). Covid-19 And its impacts on the Islamic financial industry in the OIC countries. In Impacts of COVID-19 Outbreak on Islamic Finance in the OIC Countries (I, pp. 1–11). Jakarta: KNEKS. Ichwan, M. C., &amp; Ryandono, M. N. H. (2016). Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap likuiditas bank syariah. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan, 3(2), 144–157. https://doi.org/10.20473/vol3iss20162pp144-157 Iqbal, A. (2012). Liquidity risk management: A comparative study between conventional and Islamic Banks of Pakistan. Global Journals, 12(5), 55-64. Izadkhasti, H. (2020). The severity &amp; magnitude of the impact of the coronavirus crisis on the Islamic financial industry in Iran. In Impacts of COVID-19 Outbreak on Islamic Finance in the OIC Countries (pp. 53–59). Jakarta: KNEKS. Kamila, N. (2018). Pengaruh kinerja keuangan dan variabel ekonomi makro terhadap likuiditas perbankan (Studi pada industri perbankan di Indonesia tahun 2010-2016). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Ilmu Ekonomi, 1-17. liputan6.com. (2021). Ngeri, krisis ekonomi akibat pandemi covid-19 disebut terburuk dalam sejarah. Retrieved from https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/4647601/ngeri-krisis-ekonomi-akibat-pandemi-covid-19-disebut-terburuk-dalam-sejarah Mariss, E. (2017). Pengaruh return on asset (roa), bopo, financing to deposit ratio (fdr), capital adequacy ratio (car) dan non performing financing (npf) terhadap tingkat bagi hasil deposito mudharabah pada bank umum syariah di Indonesia (Periode 2012-2015). Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Jakarta: Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indonesia Banking School Meera, A. K. M., &amp; Wirdayanti, Y. N. (2020). The economic costs of the COVID-19 outbreak for Malaysia: A preliminary crude estimate and suggestion for solutions. In Impacts of COVID-19 Outbreak on Islamic Finance in the OIC Countries (pp. 61–69). Jakarta: KNEKS. Muhammad, A. D., &amp; Ismail, A. A. (2020). Impacts of covid-19 on the Islamic finance industry in Nigeria. In Impacts of COVID-19 Outbreak on Islamic Finance in the OIC Countries (pp. 71–79). Jakarta: KNEKS. Muharam, H., &amp; Penta Kurnia, H. (n.d.). Liquidity risk on banking industry: Comparative study between Islamic bank and conventional bank in Indonesia. Al-Iqtishad: Journal of Islamic Economics, 5(2), 207-218. https://doi.org/10.15408/aiq.v5i2.2565 Overby, J., Rayburn, M., &amp; Hammond, K. (2013). Impact, definition of. Encyclopedia of Crisis Management, 16(1), 69–94. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452275956.n167 Prihatiningsih. (2016). Pengaruh DPK, capital adequecy ratio (CAR), imbal hasil sertifikat bank indonesia syariah (SBIS), imbal hasil sertifikat investasi mudharabah antar bank syariah (SIMA), dan non performing financing (NPF) terhadap financing to deposit ratio (FDR) (studi pada bank umum syariah tahun 2006-2010. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro Rahman, M. A., Kusuma, A. Z., &amp; Afryanto, H. (2020). Situasi ketengakerjaan di lapangan usaha yang tedampak covid-19. Catatan Isu Semeru, 1-4. Reyna, T. (2007). Panel data analysis fixed and random effects using stata (v. 4.2). Data &amp; Statistical Services. Massachusetts: Princeton University. Santoso dkk. (2013). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi likuiditas perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Universitas Sebelas Maret, 221–231. Shaikh, S. A. (2020). Coping with COVID-19 in Pakistan. In Impacts of COVID-19 Outbreak on Islamic Finance in the OIC Countries (pp. 89–101). Jakarta: KNEKS. Sudarsono, H. (2009). Dampak krisis keuangan global terhadap perbankan di indonesia: Perbandingan antara bank konvensional dan bank syariah. La_riba: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, 3(1), 12-23 https://doi.org/10.20885/lariba.vol3.iss1.art2 Sukmana;, R., Indrawan;, I. W., &amp; Ajija, S. R. (2020). The impact of covid-19 outbreaks on the Islamic financial industry: Indonesia. In Impacts of COVID-19 Outbreak on Islamic Finance in the OIC Countries (pp. 43–51). Jakarta: KNEKS. Suparmin, A. (2019). Manajemen resiko dalam perspektif Islam. El-Arbah: Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis Dan Perbankan Syariah, 2(02), 27–47. https://doi.org/10.34005/elarbah.v2i02.551 Utami, M. S. M., &amp; Muslikhati. (2019). Pengaruh dana pihak ketiga (DPK), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), non-performing financing (NPF) terhadap likuiditas bank umum syariah (BUS) periode 2015-2017. FALAH Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah, 4(1), 33–43. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22219/jes.v4i1.8495 Waemustafa, W., &amp; Sukri, S. (2016). Systematic and unsystematic risk determinants of liquidity risk between Islamic and conventional banks. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 6(4), 1321–1327. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4052316 WHO. (n.d.). Pertanyaan dan jawaban terkait Coronavirus. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/indonesia/news/novel-coronavirus/qa/qa-for-public </jats:p>