Staley, Joanna T.;
Stewart-Jones, Alex;
Pope, Tom W.;
Wright, Denis J.;
Leather, Simon R.;
Hadley, Paul;
Rossiter, John T.;
van Emden, Helmut F.;
Poppy, Guy M.
Varying responses of insect herbivores to altered plant chemistry under organic and conventional treatments
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Medientyp:
E-Artikel
Titel:
Varying responses of insect herbivores to altered plant chemistry under organic and conventional treatments
Beteiligte:
Staley, Joanna T.;
Stewart-Jones, Alex;
Pope, Tom W.;
Wright, Denis J.;
Leather, Simon R.;
Hadley, Paul;
Rossiter, John T.;
van Emden, Helmut F.;
Poppy, Guy M.
Erschienen:
The Royal Society, 2010
Erschienen in:Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
Beschreibung:
<jats:p>
The hypothesis that plants supplied with organic fertilizers are better defended against insect herbivores than those supplied with synthetic fertilizers was tested over two field seasons. Organic and synthetic fertilizer treatments at two nitrogen concentrations were supplied to
<jats:italic>Brassica</jats:italic>
plants, and their effects on the abundance of herbivore species and plant chemistry were assessed. The organic treatments also differed in fertilizer type: a green manure was used for the low-nitrogen treatment, while the high-nitrogen treatment contained green and animal manures. Two aphid species showed different responses to fertilizers: the
<jats:italic>Brassica</jats:italic>
specialist
<jats:italic>Brevicoryne brassicae</jats:italic>
was more abundant on organically fertilized plants, while the generalist
<jats:italic>Myzus persicae</jats:italic>
had higher populations on synthetically fertilized plants. The diamondback moth
<jats:italic>Plutella xylostella</jats:italic>
(a crucifer specialist) was more abundant on synthetically fertilized plants and preferred to oviposit on these plants. Glucosinolate concentrations were up to three times greater on plants grown in the organic treatments, while foliar nitrogen was maximized on plants under the higher of the synthetic fertilizer treatments. The varying response of herbivore species to these strong differences in plant chemistry demonstrates that hypotheses on defence in organically grown crops have over-simplified the response of phytophagous insects.
</jats:p>