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Shams-White, Marissa M.; Tjaden, Ashley H.; Edelstein, Sharon L.; Bassiouni, Sarah; Kahle, Lisa L.; Kim, Catherine; Pi-Sunyer, Xavier; Temple, Karla A.; Venditti, Elizabeth M.; Reedy, Jill; Heckman-Stoddard, Brandy M.; Bray, George A.; Gadde, Kishore M.; Culbert, Iris W.; Arceneaux, Jennifer; Chatellier, Annie; Dragg, Amber; Champagne, Catherine M.; Duncan, Crystal; Eberhardt, Barbara; Greenway, Frank; Guillory, Fonda G.; Herbert, April A.; Jeffirs, Michael L.; [...]

The 2018 World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) score and diabetes risk in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS)

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  • Medientyp: E-Artikel
  • Titel: The 2018 World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) score and diabetes risk in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS)
  • Beteiligte: Shams-White, Marissa M.; Tjaden, Ashley H.; Edelstein, Sharon L.; Bassiouni, Sarah; Kahle, Lisa L.; Kim, Catherine; Pi-Sunyer, Xavier; Temple, Karla A.; Venditti, Elizabeth M.; Reedy, Jill; Heckman-Stoddard, Brandy M.; Bray, George A.; Gadde, Kishore M.; Culbert, Iris W.; Arceneaux, Jennifer; Chatellier, Annie; Dragg, Amber; Champagne, Catherine M.; Duncan, Crystal; Eberhardt, Barbara; Greenway, Frank; Guillory, Fonda G.; Herbert, April A.; Jeffirs, Michael L.; [...]
  • Erschienen: Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2022
  • Erschienen in: BMC Nutrition
  • Sprache: Englisch
  • DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00596-7
  • ISSN: 2055-0928
  • Schlagwörter: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ; Nutrition and Dietetics ; Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ; Medicine (miscellaneous)
  • Entstehung:
  • Anmerkungen:
  • Beschreibung: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>The 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) 3rd expert report highlights up-to-date Cancer Prevention Recommendations that may reduce burdens of many chronic diseases, including diabetes. This study examined if following a lifestyle that aligns with the recommendations – assessed via the 2018 WCRF/AICR Score – was associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes in high-risk adults participating in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) randomized adults at high risk for diabetes to receive a lifestyle intervention (ILS), metformin (MET) or a placebo (PLB) (mean: 3.2 years), with additional follow-up in DPPOS for 11 years (mean: 15 years total). 2018 WCRF/AICR Scores included seven components: body weight, physical activity, plant-based foods, fast foods, red and processed meat, sugar-sweetened beverages, and alcohol; the optional breastfeeding component was excluded. Scores ranged 0-7 points (with greater scores indicating greater alignment with the recommendations) and were estimated at years 0, 1, 5, 6, 9, and 15 (<jats:italic>N</jats:italic>=3,147). Fasting glucose and HbA1c were measured every six months and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed annually. Adjusted Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to examine the association of both Score changes from years 0-1 and time-dependent Score changes on diabetes risk through DPP and year 15.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Scores improved within all groups over 15 years (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic>&lt;0.001); ILS Scores improved more than MET or PLB Scores after 1 year (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic>&lt;0.001). For every 1-unit improvement from years 0-1, there was a 31% and 15% lower diabetes risk in ILS (95% CI: 0.56-0.84) and PLB (95% CI: 0.72-0.97) through DPP, and no significant association in MET. Associations were greatest among American Indian participants, followed by non-Hispanic White and Hispanic participants. Score changes from years 0-1 and time-dependent Score changes in ILS and PLB remained associated with lower risk through year 15.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Score improvements were associated with long-term, lower diabetes risk among high-risk adults randomized to ILS and PLB, but not MET. Future research should explore impact of the Score on cancer risk.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial registration</jats:title><jats:p>Diabetes Prevention Program:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00004992">NCT00004992</jats:ext-link>; Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00038727">NCT00038727</jats:ext-link></jats:p></jats:sec>
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